Sooner or later public bikes will return to Toronto. What type of public bike program would people like to see for Toronto?
CBN's Bikeshare closed down all its hubs at the end of 2006, but the requests haven't died out. Since joining the board, I've answered a number of emails from people wanting to start up a bike sharing program in their community or university campus. For example, a college in Philadelphia, university in Tel Aviv, are all getting into the community bike sharing game.
Bike sharing is also becoming big business (also good for manufacturers). JCDecaux was the first company to tie advertising revenue with a public bike program. The advertising multinational made a contract with first Lyon and then Paris to provide thousands of bikes in exchange for an advertising revenue contract with the cities. Over 10 years JCDecaux will receive 600 million euros in return for running the Vélib system with its soon to be 1451 rental stations and 20,600 bikes. The Vélib is free for the first half hour and quickly climbs in cost after that. Other European cities such as Barcelona, Denmark, Vienna and on and on have also gotten into bike sharing - see the entire list on the Bike-sharing blog. In the U.S.A. Clear Channel just won a contract to supply San Francisco with public bikes in exchange for transit shelter ad revenue, though the numbers are vague on the number of bikes.
JCDecaux and OYBIke, a London, UK company that provides infrastructure for a smaller bike sharing program that is funded through user fees charged by cellphone, are still interested in entering the Toronto market even though the city has already offered away it's advertising revenue in exchange for a street furniture package that excludes a public bike program. It's unclear at this time how they expect to recoup their costs, but perhaps Toronto should take a page from Montreal who is starting up a large scale public bike program this year without an ad company.
Montreal will likely be rolling out their own bike sharing program this year. The company that manages the city's parking lots has a contract with the city of Montreal to invest $15 million and offer 2000 bikes and infrastructure for a possible 2008 launch.
Michel Bedard, of City of Montreal's transportation division, told me that the City of Montreal's executive committee commissioned:
Stationnement de Montréal, a subsidiary of the Board of Trade of
Metropolitan Montreal, to implement a Self-serve bicycle rental system in Montreal.This project makes use of Stationnement de Montréal's major strengths, including the ability to handle real-time wireless transactions and manage logistics.
Stationnement de Montréal plan to integrate the Self-served bicycle management system with his existing parking terminal technology, and renting a bike will be a easy as renting a parking space.
Meanwhile, we still get calls from people hoping for a more grassroots revival of bike sharing in Toronto. Various proposals have been made on how to revive Bikeshare and to make it financially sustainable. If you are interested in helping with this visioning you can contact CBN.
Comments
Darren_S
Move...
Wed, 01/16/2008 - 14:09...to Paris or something where they would appreciate your efforts. This City council is just not progressive enough to support it.
I think Bike Share is a wonderful program, one of the best in the City and have always appreciated that it did it with little to no advertising revenue. We do not need any more visual diarrhoea out there. That said, I too understand economic realities of why it needs advertising dollars.
As an alternative, maybe I am asking for major complications, is having the City support bike share through parking revenues. It could play it both ways, using it as a tourist attraction and opening up parking spots to people who really need them and cannot use bikes. In itself it would not be a revenue generator but attract new dollars into the city.
I dunno if it was Herb or someone else that told me but apparently most bike shops want nothing to do with the program because of liability issues. The City at the very least could provide some sort of facility to deal with that issue.
Ben
Rather than moving...
Wed, 01/16/2008 - 14:33Rather than moving half way around the world, we could always try to elect more cycling friendly councillors. It is pretty tough though; even the ones who bike to work aren't exactly bicycle advocate types.
Maybe the efforts would be best spent nagging the regressive councillors like Ootes (whose anti-cycling furor seems to have been tempered since being elected by only 20 votes).
Tone (not verified)
Integrate it with transit
Wed, 01/16/2008 - 14:45I think the niche that would make a bikeshare program really work is if it was located at transit stops across the city (and particularly at Union). Since you cannot take a bike on most transit during rush hour (and even if you could, it would be a challenge), such a service would allow people to, say, grab a subway across town and bike a few miles to their destination rather than waiting (what sometime feels like forever) for a connecting bus.
This might open up commuting opportunities for people outside of the downtown core who aren't comfortable biking more than a few miles. And, it would open up opportunities for people who come into Toronto on GO and who aren't going somewhere near the subway line to get where they are going more easily.
Aidan
Sue Sue Sue
Wed, 01/16/2008 - 15:08Just so much wind, no offence. You want cycling action by this city, we need one strong organization which will sue, sue, sue the city everytime someone is hurt or killed and there may be any city negligence, which is virtually in every case. If it costs them neither votes nor money, why would anyone listen? The goodness of their hearts, or their love of mother Earth? Please.
Darren_S
Sue problems
Wed, 01/16/2008 - 17:27The basic problem with suing is that you usually cannot get a substantial enough award to convince anyone to change. Somewhat different in the states where awards are larger and emphasize the fact it should not have happened in the first place. Here lawsuits are just looked at as a cost of business where down south it can do something more significant. Most accident suits are usually covered by insurance companies so it does not bother the city all that much to get sued.
Not always popular amongst cyclists either. ARC has been involved in a couple of suits and we got a lot of "hate mail" including a lot from cyclists.
I agree with you though. It is definitely high time to be a whole lot meaner with City Hall.
Aidan
ten-thousand pound elephant
Wed, 01/16/2008 - 19:14Cyclist hate mail to the ARC? That shows how truly insane the world is. But as a teacher, I can buy any level of insanity - and 'car-head'.
I don't know what it will take in this city, or if sueing will work, but it will have to be very big to get the city's attention. I am hoping no one else has to get killed, much less a kid (a vain hope, sadly). Then again, many people have been killed, including kids!
We ought to be a lot more angry about cars. What the hell is wrong with our society? My father died in a car. Two high school classmates died in cars. My best friend was in traction with a smashed femur in a separate driving 'accident'. My experience is just about the norm. Talk about a ten-thousand pound elephant in the middle of the room.
Never mind: build more roads, get fatter, get diabetes, mow down some children, kill darker people for their oil. Whatever it takes for our 'way of life'. Or let's get screaming mad and do something as a big fat group, if only to be on the side of the angels.
Svend
Thanks for the link to
Thu, 01/17/2008 - 11:04Thanks for the link to Montreal's idea for their new bike share program. It sounds like the way to go - getting parking lots to create it with the help of sponsors who want to be seen as promoting the environment.
I wouldn't use the service but it might help other commuters cycle for part of their journey. They also wouldn't need to worry about their bike being stolen.
Suing ourselves for not doing enough can work but it's when all other avenues are blocked. That's the only way our public TTC could be forced to do something as basic as calling out all stops.
herb
grassroots energy versus big money
Fri, 01/18/2008 - 13:35I too hope that a model like Montreal will work in Toronto. I think it is a good approach, but if not I'm willing to entertain any way to get bike sharing back to Toronto.
There seems to be money to be made, especially if someone is willing to fork over lots of dough for capital infrastructure. I'm not so sure about grassroots energy to revive Bikeshare. That is part of my reason for posting this: to try to gauge how people feel about the different models, not just on seeing if people want Bikeshare to come back and in what form.
I can assure you that Bikeshare won't be coming back in its current form. We don't have the money, nor do we have the volunteer energy to get it back. The most we are hoping for right now is to lease bikes out as organizational fleets where all our costs are covered. Then we will also use some to rent out as cheap daily rental bikes. If we can bring back a bike sharing program it will require significant support from another level of government or from a corporation.
Rex (not verified)
I applaud your efforts to
Wed, 01/16/2008 - 15:41I applaud your efforts to renew Bikeshare and wish you the best but I think that there is a higher priority: installing more bike parking infrastructure. Most workplaces still don't have proper bike parking facilities, and there are all sorts of restaurants and other venues where the racks are always full.
If Bikeshare is going to re-launch, it should do so on a large scale where network effects can be realized. At present, I think those kinds of resources would be better used on other bicycle infrastructure improvements.
Luke (not verified)
At the risk of heresy, large
Fri, 01/18/2008 - 20:09At the risk of heresy, large scale investment a la Montreal -- 15 million for Gawd's sake! -- could be better spent elsewhere if the goal is to promote cycling as a serious form of transport. IMO the main obstacle to public bike programs enjoying the wide spread, steady patronage required for success is already sitting in the garages, spare rooms and verandas of the vast majority of urbanites: it's the bikes they own.
Public bike sharing programs are viable only if they provide what one cannot attain on one's own or deliver it at a lesser cost and with greater convenience. Arguably, in this affluent city, rare is the serious obstacle (economic, storage, etc..), preventing one from buying a personal two wheeler. A decent bike, certainly of better quality than the asylum yellow beaters of the late Bikeshare, can be had for the price of an XBox; that the console is ubiquitous and, I'd wager, is put through more workouts attests to the priorities rather that the means of Joe Sixpack.
So if you already have the velo-access that the bike share program aims to provide the question then becomes, does it measurably improve the experience, that is, make it more convenient, less troublesome? From what I've read of the OYBIKE, JCDecaux, and seen of Toronto public bike programs, I say 'no' -- for me at least. Submitting to cell phone protocols, returning and retrieving bikes at hubs, the one configuration fits all setup of the public bike fleets, detract from the appeal of the program; nothing is more convenient than having recourse to your own bike.
But that's not to condemn all bike sharing initiatives as exercises in futility, only that their large scale adoption, like, let's say, car rental or leasing agencies, seems unlikely. Indeed, in limited applications, university campuses, tourist areas, for those 'between bikes', sharing would seem ideal.
So let's have our tax money go where it will do the most good; I'd rather it be directed toward improving infrastructure rather than underwriting a public bike program. Though the barrier to getting more bums on bicycles is cultural, not logistical nor economic, I suspect the less hostile our streets are to cyclists the more our culture will change. Fifteen million bucks will buy a lotta bike lanes.
hamish (not verified)
how to find money in the city budget
Sat, 01/19/2008 - 11:25the last comment made me think (again) about a stupid project in the same ward as CBN - that is evermore clearly a big wa$te - and yes, it's not just the Front St. Extension but also the WWLRT, which isn't good enough value to do. But the FSE is a quarter-billion+ and we have been unable to compare just adding a couple of GO trains to the road to see what works a bit better, and the road folly has c. $60M to move all the railtracks for two years+ too..
But since there's been a bit of a delay - c. 4+ years in any decision about the Individual Assessment Appeal, I wonder what the buck is happening to the interest on the $50M that's been set aside/in trust that all three governments have kicked in to this already? Where is that money going, and to whom? I'm not talking about the $13M that already went to buy land for the road in advance of the EA okay either.
Chasing this pet project of Deputy Mayor Pantalone (supported by Miller and Giambrone) isn't conducive to a peace of mind etc., but there is a pile of money around, it's just a question of allocation in my view.
Mr Satan (not verified)
Before providing any
Sat, 01/19/2008 - 20:25Before providing any recommendations I'd like to know (beyond anecdote) what the old program provided. Who were the renters, what kind of volume happened, how did the operating budget breakdown with regards to capital, administration, and maintenance. Does anyone know why people signed up for this program.
Luke has made some good points. Beater bikes are relatively inexpensive and certainly if you can afford a cell phone, is it unreasonable to drop $50-$100 on a beater bike? Maybe for some people, admittedly. But what this suggests to me that affordability may not be the rationale for using bike share. Other reasons could be:
- if it is cheaper than buying a beater bike (its possible if you also consider maintenance)
- it's cheaper than buying a replacement bike if, after buying one, yours gets stolen
- if you don't want to be responsible for bicycle maintenance
- if you're only in Toronto for the short term and don't want to bring a bike here.
- if you don't have a place to store a bike
- if you want to grab a bike on the spur of the moment or only need one occasionally
- if you simply like the idea of bike share and want to use a program rather than buy a bike.
Each of these potential problems may have slightly different solutions or different levels of acceptability for means of financing the program.
I've never used bikeshare myself. While in principle it seems a great idea, do we really have any idea of the specific niche it filled? Maybe this is well known and someone closer to the program has a good answer to this. If the program simply closed due to problems with revenue, then fine. The problem then isn't should bikeshare be revamped, but, realistically (and I don't consider a city bail out to be realistic), how can it be made sustainable?
Darren_S
Visitors
Sun, 01/20/2008 - 17:04Whenever I see someone riding a yellow bike I ask them why. More often than not they are visiting from out of the city.
I think one shortfall of the system is that it was never very seamless. In the sense that you could get off a subway and hop on to a bike like they do in Paris. You are stuck with the bike for three days. That would probably increase its value to the general public as opposed to any thing else.
It is very easy to ask for a program to pay for itself but that sometimes require ignoring its benefits in a broader equation. A great example is Caribanna. Itself loses money every year but on the whole for the city it is very profitable. Look at all of the councillors that balk at giving the Pride parade money. Do you see one of them saying that they can do without the money it generates in their ward, they would be hung by the business owners in their ward if they did.
Now how do you measure success of Bike Share in those terms. Not sure myself but one measure would be the number of people who chose to use it for trips that they would otherwise make with cars. While I could concede that it may not pay off when examined in the wider perspective I do not think that would be the case. There are just too many pluses to the program... though some of those may not become apparent until gas hits $1.50L
Tone (not verified)
Think of it as a transit extender ...
Sun, 01/20/2008 - 15:18In regard to the comments above that compare a bike-share/renting program to the relatively low expense of owning a bike ... I thing that's true if you think of this program as an alternative to a bike-only trip.
Where I think a program like this can work is for people who need to get somewhere in Toronto (easily) that isn't close to a subway or GO stop. For those folks, particularly if they are traveling during rush hour train, bringing a bike isn't a viable option. But, accessing a bike in Toronto could make there trip substantially easier and faster.
Imagine coming in from, say Oakville, and heading for a job or to visit friends near College and Grace (Little Italy). You could go into Union, take the subway to College and a streetcar to Little Italy. You could get off at the EX and take the Bathurst bus north and transfer to the College streetcar (or walk).
Or, you could get off at Union (or the EX), run your credit card into a machine .. get a bike and ride to your destination. If you had more than one place to go, the bike would be by far more convienient. But, even if I only had one destination, I'd probably still opt for the bike ... less hassle and more fun.
Imagine if there were bikes across TO at subway and GO train stops how many places within the city would be faster/easier to get to ... even if you only rode 2 - 4 miles.
That makes sense to me and would probably introduce a lot of people who would never dream of biking to the sport.
Luke (not verified)
Further to the
Sun, 01/20/2008 - 22:48Further to the discussion...
I don't contest the benefits of a bike share program only their scope, which I anticipate will be meagre relative to the investment. What seems apparent by the magnitude of the Paris and Montreal ventures is that the success of such programs necessitates a substantial outlay, as well as political will and organization, that certainly goes beyond that which implemented Toronto's BikeShare.
Let's face it, Toronto's entry, the laudable efforts of its personnel notwithstanding, was doomed to failure: a dilapidated fleet having little or no integration with mass transit hubs that, most significantly, operated in an environment ranging from indifferent to hostile toward cyclists.
Tone paints a picture of the visitor from Oakville hopping off the train and onto a bike at Union, and I don't disagree, it's an appealing scenario, although the degree to which it would realistically materialize is up for debate. To my mind the much more compelling and common scenario is of the motorist living in Willowdale, East York, or Etobicoke who won't consider cycling downtown because it's too 'dangerous'.
Councillor Glenn De Baeremaeker in the Jan 18 Star: "Two things discourage people from cycling in Toronto: One is feeling safe on the road, the second is you don't want your bike to get stolen." My experience, through conversations with friends and acquaintances corroborates this; the first fear is by far the greater deterrent. (Ask your friends and neighbours the reason why their commutes or errands are not by bicycle; I'm curious as to whether they echo the sentiments I hear.)
If the question is to how to most effectively promote cycling in Toronto, and recognizing that resources are limited, I would start by addressing the concerns closest to home before moving on to those of visitors from Oakville -- I'd like to see my neighbours on their own bicycles first! To that end, amending or building infrastructure, e.g., bike lanes that mollify safety concerns and measures that minimize the prominence of autos in the core a la Bogota or London would seem a good place to start. Economics, congestion and convenience -- the last possibly a consequence of a bike share program -- will take care of the rest.
I acknowledge the advantages of a bike share program, which, as Darren rightly stated, can be indirect and subtle, but I also acknowledge the needs of such a program. Critical among them is a culture and attendant infrastructure that embraces cyclists. That tens (hundreds?) of thousands of private bicycles in Toronto function chiefly as dust collectors is mute testimony to our shortcomings in this area. To urge Torontonians to share public bicycles before we can convince them to use those they already own seems misguided.
Darren_S
Good points
Mon, 01/21/2008 - 10:33Very good points Luke. Though I am uneasy with the either or approach. I agree we need facilities and suggest we need a bike share program. We need those facilities you speak of to be built in tandem, not one at a time. We are so far behind in everything in Toronto that we cannot afford to work on one issue at a time. Sure there could be some prioritizing but everything needs work.
herb
good to look at actual stats
Fri, 01/25/2008 - 01:19Stats are sketchy from Bikeshare's end. I know they exist, but I just don't know who has them right now.
But first, let me just reiterate what others are saying about the public bike programs in places like Paris or Vienna. They seem to be working well and are sustainable, if not expanding. I don't know the demographic breakdown - but you've gotten me interested in finding that out - but it seems as if a critical mass of bikes and locations are just the thing to make them quite convenient. With a kiosk just a 300 metres or so apart it's not hard to see how it becomes often easier to just pick up the bike for the first free half hour and drop it off else where for no cost (other than the quite low yearly fee). I believe that the majority are Parisian commuters who have integrated the bikes into their daily schedule. Likely new trips are being made where before people would combine a bunch with a metro trip, walk or even a car trip.
At some point it becomes like a major form of public transit. It was overheard that Councillor Giambrone visited Velib because any public transit that moves that many people is of interest to him.
I don't think there is anyway that Bikeshare could have provided a service on that scale, but I think it has/had its role, and citizens and politicians have been giving it flack for being mis-managed and/or using "dilapidated" bikes (sorry, Luke, I take offence at that word used here). Bikeshare was efficiently run on a shoe string. I challenge any politician to try to attain that level of productivity for the wages we gave the staff. Bikeshare bikes were anything but dilapidated. They might not have looked pretty but these sturdy second-hand bikes were completely overhauled, standardized and kept up to standards. These were not ordinary bikes and this is what certainly added to the cost of the bikes. We even tried buying new bikes at one point but found the quality lacking and created yet more work for the mechanic to replace quickly worn out parts. The old bikes served a great purpose - they didn't look like much to steal, but they held up to a lot of abuse.
Now let me give a quick overview of Bikeshare stats. Bikeshare ran from 2001 to 2006. At the peak there were 150 bikes, around 15 hubs, 2.5 staff, and I think about 300 to 400 active members (I need to double check that). About 15% of bikes were lost each year - either stolen, lost, destroyed or worn out. A high percentage of stolen bikes were recovered. In 2004 about two-thirds of users were temporary (1-4 uses), 20% were occasional (5-10) and 12% were regular (greater than 11). According to the graph I have in front of me about 20 to 30% of the these users are tourists which means about half the temporary users are tourists.
Someone who was actually mining this data at the time may know better than I. But I strongly think that a ubiquitous public bike program in Toronto would be used mostly by Torontonians, and especially by those Torontonians who never knew they had a need for such a program. This is what seems to be happening in Paris, and Paris is not a particularly bike-friendly city - or so I've been told. So I'm optimistic for Toronto and I'm looking eagerly at Montreal to see how they do it.
Luke (not verified)
I don't think there is
Sun, 01/27/2008 - 17:41No need for offense, I assure you none was intended -- no need for apologies either! ;-). The more diverse the views, the more enlightening the dialogue and the more sound the conclusions.
I'd like to underscore my viewpoint with a few simple calculations. The purpose is to gain a sense of the impact of BikeShare in contrast with that of a workaday cyclists (that would be yours truly). Herb, for the sake of simplicity I've rounded or averaged your stats. The term 'uses' leaves room for interpretation; when calculating my stats I took it to mean a separate trip as in a ride to the grocer, and from there to the pub qualifies as two 'uses'. I also assumed the 'uses', were figured per annum.
BikeShare
Peak Members: 350
Temp Members (TM): 230
Occasional Members (OM): 70
Regular Members (RM): 42
Uses:
(TM)2302.5(average uses)=575
(OM)707.5(average uses)=525
(RM)42*15(uses rounded Up From 11)=630
Yearly Uses: ~1730
Me
Commutes: 140*2(there and back)=280
Errands: 150 (conservative)
Recreational/Social: 50
Yearly Uses: ~480
According to these back of napkin reckonings BikeShare, with as many 150 bicycles and requisite funding, facilitated less trips than myself and three other equals undertook, with, lets say, 5 or 6 bikes and not a cent of public funds. This is hardly a scientific analysis; I do concede that there are "Lies, damned lies, and statistics". And I recognize extenuating factors such as distance of use, e.g., my commute is >20KM one way; the advisability of considering myself as the control; etc., but does not this exercise serve to place the benefits of BikeShare in a realistic context?
I'm curious as to the fate of the Montreal program, whatever it be we can only benefit by it. I wish it every success, may it demonstrate my pessimism is unfounded.
herb
I'm of two minds
Sun, 01/27/2008 - 21:29I'm of two minds - Bikeshare had a great crew and had some positive effects on the city, yet it still had some serious flaws that a new bike sharing program needs to remedy. CBN staff and volunteers did great things at Bikeshare with tight resources. It brought some international attention to Toronto, it got people on bikes and it got a community rallying around it. My own conclusion is that Bikeshare was targeted at the wrong people; and that we could only do it at a much smaller scale than what is necessary to make bike sharing a truly public transportation system. For a city like Toronto there should be thousands of bikes and hundreds of hubs a la Paris. And it should have a low initial cost that quickly goes up the longer someone uses it. What this means is that it will no longer be affordable for low income people to use as their primary mode of transportation (which is what Bikeshare tried to be). But that's okay, in my books. We can develop a much cheaper way for low income people to receive cheap bikes - and that's what we're trying to do now at CBN.
Now, Luke, on to your stats. One quibble: by "use" we didn't mean that a Bikeshare was only used for one trip. Bikeshare members could take the bikes out for up to three days so I think the napkin stats could be up to 6 times higher (assuming each use meant one round trip per day). So I would put it in the range of 10,000.
Another quibble: I don't know if it makes sense to compare someone who bikes already with someone who would not consider lugging their bike around with them everyday. Having a bike readily at hand at a nearby hub can mean the difference between having to drive to work now and then to accomplish a number of errands. It can make a multi-modal strategy of transit and bike much more appealing to a wider range of the population. What a well-designed bike sharing program should do is entice an entirely new demographic to take up cycling where they might otherwise use fossil fuels.
I'm waiting for some more stats from our esteemed statistic analyzers so I may have more fodder to provide soon.